Cancer

Background: Telomeres are protective DNA sequences at chromosome ends that shorten with cell division and regulate cellular lifespan. Dysregulation of telomere maintenance through telomerase activation is implicated in carcinogenesis, including ovarian cancer. This study aimed to systematically review and meta-analyze the association between telomere length and ovarian cancer risk and survival outcomes. Methodology: A systematic…

The BraTS-PEDs dataset provides the largest, multi-institutional, publicly available collection of annotated multiparametric MRI scans of pediatric high-grade gliomas, enabling standardized benchmarking and development of AI tools in pediatric neuro-oncology. Key Points

Patients (pts) with metastatic (met) MSS CRC are treated with sequential lines of chemotherapy (chemo), but most experience progression and prolonged toxicities during their disease course. BOT is a 2nd-gen Fc modified anti-CTLA-4 agent, exhibiting enhanced antibody dependent cell mediated cytotoxicity of Tregs and Fc-receptor mediated myeloid activation. A phase I/II study with BOT/BAL (an…

Glioblastoma (GBM) has a dismal prognosis, yet times to recurrence vary substantially. We integrated multimodal data to identify tumor- and microenvironment-level features associated with timing of recurrence. Methods: Primary GBMs tumors with documented time to recurrence were analyzed by Xenium spatial transcriptomics (ST). ST data were processed with Seurat, manually annotated, and organized into five…

Introduction/Rationale: Glioblastoma is refractory to immunotherapy because of low mutational burden and paucity of canonical neoantigens. Aberrant expression of endogenous retroviral elements (ERVs), reactivated genomic remnants of ancient viral insertions, may provide an alternative, tumor-specific antigen source suitable for personalized vaccines incorporating both mutation- and ERV-derived epitopes. Methods: Tumor and matched normal tissues from 25…

The World Health Organization provides clear criteria for diagnosing IDH1-wildtype glioblastoma (GBM), relying on traditional approaches to define pathoetiological features, genomic mutations, copy number variation, and aberrant expression of prognostic genes. While these methods guide diagnosis, they may lack the resolution to fully capture tumor heterogeneity, therapeutic response, or outcomes. To address this, we applied…

Oligodendrogliomas recur after therapy but how spatial immune architecture changes during recurrence is poorly understood. Methods: Visium Spatial Transcriptomics (ST) from primary and matched recurrent tumors (n = 14 patients) were processed with SpaceRanger. Cell-type deconvolution was performed using SpaCET’s low-grade glioma model, generating spatial immune and stromal distributions. Cell-type fractions were normalized using Centered…

Glioblastoma (GBM) remains refractory to immunotherapy and exhibits low basal IL-12 and IFN-γ levels relative to other solid tumors, reflecting an immunologically quiescent microenvironment. MVR-C5252 is a replication-competent HSV-1 engineered to deliver IL-12 and an anti-PD-1 antibody fragment, coupling oncolysis with Th1 polarization and localized checkpoint blockade to overcome this resistance. Methods: Stage 1 of…

Immunotherapy has yet to yield benefit in glioblastoma (GBM), in part due to inadequate T-cell priming and insufficient CD4+ helper support. To enhance coordinated CD4+ and CD8+ activation, the ETAPA phase 1 trial (NCT05283109) evaluated P30-EPS, a peptide vaccine linking three class I tumor-associated antigens (CMV pp65, Survivin, EphA2) to the universal class II tetanus toxoid epitope P30…