Disease Area

The World Health Organization provides clear criteria for diagnosing IDH1-wildtype glioblastoma (GBM), relying on traditional approaches to define pathoetiological features, genomic mutations, copy number variation, and aberrant expression of prognostic genes. While these methods guide diagnosis, they may lack the resolution to fully capture tumor heterogeneity, therapeutic response, or outcomes. To address this, we applied…

Oligodendrogliomas recur after therapy but how spatial immune architecture changes during recurrence is poorly understood. Methods: Visium Spatial Transcriptomics (ST) from primary and matched recurrent tumors (n = 14 patients) were processed with SpaceRanger. Cell-type deconvolution was performed using SpaCET’s low-grade glioma model, generating spatial immune and stromal distributions. Cell-type fractions were normalized using Centered…

Glioblastoma (GBM) remains refractory to immunotherapy and exhibits low basal IL-12 and IFN-γ levels relative to other solid tumors, reflecting an immunologically quiescent microenvironment. MVR-C5252 is a replication-competent HSV-1 engineered to deliver IL-12 and an anti-PD-1 antibody fragment, coupling oncolysis with Th1 polarization and localized checkpoint blockade to overcome this resistance. Methods: Stage 1 of…

Immunotherapy has yet to yield benefit in glioblastoma (GBM), in part due to inadequate T-cell priming and insufficient CD4+ helper support. To enhance coordinated CD4+ and CD8+ activation, the ETAPA phase 1 trial (NCT05283109) evaluated P30-EPS, a peptide vaccine linking three class I tumor-associated antigens (CMV pp65, Survivin, EphA2) to the universal class II tetanus toxoid epitope P30…